Knowledge-Based Virtual Modeling and Simulation of Manufacturing Processes for Industry 4.0

Abstract

Industry 4.0 aims at providing a digital representation of a production landscape, but the challenges in building, maintaining, optimizing, and evolving digital models in inter-organizational production chains have not been identified yet in a systematic manner. In this paper, various Industry 4.0 research and technical challenges are addressed, and their present scenario is discussed. Moreover, in this article, the novel concept of developing experience-based virtual models of engineering entities, process, and the factory is presented. These models of production units, processes, and procedures are accomplished by virtual engineering object (VEO), virtual engineering process (VEP), and virtual engineering factory (VEF), using the knowledge representation technique of Decisional DNA. This blend of the virtual and physical domains permits monitoring of systems and analysis of data to foresee problems before they occur, develop new opportunities, prevent downtime, and even plan for the future by using simulations. Furthermore, the proposed virtual model concept not only has the capability of Query Processing and Data Integration for Industrial Data but also real-time visualization of data stream processing.     

冷饮厂制冷系统设计值得注意的几个问题

就制冷系统的设计,针对冷饮工厂的特点,提出了应该注意的几个问题。     

异构数据的管理方法及异构数据源的集成研究

工程应用中软件工具的多样性和设计活动的分散性形成了大量异构数据。本文分析了传统的异构数据管理方法的不足，提出使用数据库系统的文件系统结合的管理方法。针对此方法下所形成的异构数据源问题，给出了基于J2EE规范的数据访问对象抽象工厂解决方案。     

胜利油田污水储罐腐蚀防护方法评价

对胜利油田纯粱采油厂A3钢制生产污水（水温约60℃）储罐使用寿命过低的原因进行了实验考察。水质分析数据表明氯离子浓度高（45-48gm）是污水腐蚀性强的主要因素。A3钢在60℃污水中的腐蚀速率，由极化曲线数据计算的值大大高于失重法测定值，敞开系统中失重法测定值又高于密闭系统中测定值，挂片上出现蚀孔，说明储罐中A3钢发生了氧存在下氟离子引起的局部腐蚀（孔蚀）。元素分析结果表明．储罐阴极保护所用的牺牲阳极铝材含铁等元素量超标。牺牲阳极密封不良，在实验污水中7天后电流效率仅为2．92％，失去阴极保护能力。处于实验污水环境中的有涂层保护的A3钢．14天后出现腐蚀极化电流，表明涂层已失去完整性。要提高该采油厂及胜利油田其他采油厂污水储罐的使用寿命，必须改用合格的牺牲阳极和保护涂层材料。图3表2参7。     

卷烟企业异味对大气环境的影响分析

云南某卷烟厂制丝、卷接包及香料厨房生产过程中产生非常浓烈的异味,异味主要为有机高分子碳氢化合物,还含有少量低分子有机碳氢化合物和微量的氨气.通过公众参与调查和模式预测,判定其影响范围在下风向650 m以内.项目处于某城市建成区,由于项目周围学校、居民区等敏感点众多,因此,为减轻该厂生产过程中排放的异味对周围环境的影响,该厂要么尽快搬迁,要么根据项目异味气体的特征,采取生物滤池或化学洗池等对异味进行治理,并针对有挡雨帽和无挡雨帽排气筒两种情况分别提出了异味的最低去除效率.     

基于JSP工厂模式的工资查询系统设计与实现

分层思想在JSP技术的开发过程中的优点是层次清楚,这有利于不同程序员分式开发,从而提高效率;但是在应用每一层相关类的时候需要实例化,这会增加系统开销。采用工厂模式在开发过程中向程序员提供一个"工厂"供程序员选择"零件",可以减少实例化次数。工厂开发模式在JSP+tomcat的开发中,可结合分层思想,按照不同的层次进行开发,同时也可独立出公共模块切入到其他模块中,有效地避免了代码重复,提高了开发效率。     

关于炭素厂阴极焙烧车间设计的探讨

根据近年来对国内炭素厂阴极焙烧车间设计中所作的优化和改进,提出了几个以增产、节能、节约投资和便于操作维修为目的的有效措施。     

基于WinCC的腈纶生产线监控系统研究

针对大型石油化工生产线组态监控软件设计问题,给出基于WinCC的监控软件系统设计的方法.利用C/C 脚本实现监控画面的运行期动态处理和配方寻优,结合用户需求实现集成打印与画面热键切换,并给出历史数据查询与配方查询的数据库访问方法.利用DDE和OPC实现多机的数据共享.将文章提出的方法应用于同步流程工业腈纶纺丝生产线的组态监控软件设计.     

饮用水中氯化消毒副产物的研究进展

自Rook首次报道饮用水中存在三氯甲烷，有关氯化消毒副产物（CDBPs）的研究一直受到广泛关注。该文介绍了CDBPs的研究进展，包括形成机理与影响因素、浓度水平、健康风险及控制技术。指出除天然有机化合物外．应关注水源水中的有毒有害有机物在氯化消毒过程中的变化。     

Process conditions affect pigment quality and yield in extracts of purple sunflower hulls

Extract of purple sunflower hulls is a potential red food colorant; however, suitable process conditions must still be identified. Selected process variables were studied using bench-scale units to prepare, clarify, concentrate and spray dry extracts. Concentration by evaporation at 32°C and addition of maltodextrin to 15% (wt/dry wt) prior to drying largely eliminated pigment degradation during those steps. Relative to water extracts, extracts prepared with 5 to 15% ethanol in water generally yielded more pigment with similar levels of degradation and loss during subsequent processing. Use of 5% ethanol/2% citric acid reduced yield by about half relative to water, but gave a powder with a lower degradation index and wetting time. Percentage recovery of pigment during concentration and drying was not greatly affected by solvent type or extraction temperature.